(Reporter Zhu Yingxi) As a high-tech batch with the highest proportion of admissions and covering the largest number of colleges and candidates, the annual centralized admission of ordinary batches of undergraduate courses in Shanghai is always the most concerned by the public. The reporter learned from the Shanghai Education Examinations Institute yesterday that the admission of ordinary batches of undergraduate colleges in 2019 will be completed today. Statistics show that there are more than 500 colleges and universities and more than 1,000 colleges and universities’ professional groups participating in the centralized enrollment of undergraduate courses in this city this year, and the number of students enrolled accounts for three-quarters of all undergraduate enrollment plans this year, among which the number of students enrolled in colleges and universities in this city accounts for about two-thirds.

　　"This year, the centralized admission of undergraduate ordinary batches in this city is generally stable." Zheng Fangxian, dean of the Shanghai Education Examinations Institute, said that this is mainly manifested in two aspects: First, the voluntary satisfaction rate and the success rate of Shanghai candidates are constantly improving; Second, the admission scores of colleges and universities and the ranking of admission candidates are relatively stable.

　　At the same time, in the process of recruiting ordinary batches of undergraduate courses in Shanghai this year, some gratifying new signs have begun to emerge.

　　Many foreign key universities are popular with candidates in Shanghai.

　　If the score of 550 points in the college entrance examination is taken as the observation benchmark, the Shanghai candidates represented by this score rank about 5,100, ranking in the top 10%. Zheng Fangxian introduced that Tongji University, East China Normal University, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai International Studies University, China Renmin University (including Suzhou Campus), Nankai University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nanjing University, Zhejiang University, etc. all colleges and universities have admission scores above this year, and some colleges and universities have admission scores above 500, including China Communication University, Shandong University, Chongqing University and Sichuan University.

　　These universities, which are popular among Shanghai candidates, are all well-known top universities in China without exception, and represent China’s higher education in their respective fields or comprehensive level.

　　At the same time, many foreign key universities or "double-class" universities have also been continuously favored by Shanghai candidates, and their admission scores have improved significantly. For example, the admission scores of beijing university of chemical technology, Capital University of Economics and Business, Fuzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Yunnan University, Lanzhou University and other universities have all increased by 5 points or even 10 points.

　　"This is rare in such a flat voluntary reporting and admission environment. It can be said that candidates’ pursuit of academic and training quality has surpassed the restrictions of pure geography, which is a very gratifying and encouraging phenomenon." Zheng Fangxian said.

　　Clinical medicine has become a "hot potato", and the admission scores of some "minority" schools have increased.

　　Judging from the admission of professional groups in many colleges and universities, one of the highlights this year is that the admission scores of clinical medicine majors continue to rise.

　　It is reported that in addition to high-end or geographically advantageous institutions such as Naval Military Medical University, Southern Medical University and Chongqing Medical University, many medical-related majors in ordinary colleges and universities are increasingly valued by candidates. For example, Hebei Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xinxiang Medical College, Kunming Medical University, Xiangnan College, etc., the admission scores of both eight-year clinical medicine majors and five-year clinical medicine majors have improved significantly this year, and the admission scores of some colleges or majors have increased by 20 to 30 points.

　　In Zheng Fangxian’s view, this signal reflects the rational thinking of current candidates on future career development.

　　It is worth noting that this year, Shanghai University of Electric Power was upgraded to a university. Many people speculated that the admission score line might be significantly improved this year, but the observation was limited. In addition, the admission scores of Shanghai Conservatory of Music and Shanghai Theatre Academy, which are relatively "minority", began to rise slowly, with an increase of about 10 points compared with two years ago.

　

The Olympic Games is not only a sports event, but also a spiritual event. What is more valuable than the gold medal is the persistent pursuit spirit of the Olympic athletes, the indomitable fighting spirit of never giving up, and never back down’s spirit of overcoming difficulties. With this spirit, Olympic athletes have overcome all the difficulties that hinder their progress. They have interpreted their unremitting pursuit of their dreams and written great legends. Their spirit is like a dazzling light than a gold medal, which shines directly on our hearts and touches the whole world …

　　In front of me is a new book with a yellow cover and seemingly ordinary. Recently, this book has been on the desks of many leading cadres. In order to buy this book in time, some people have run to many bookstores one after another and found that this book is out of stock.

　　It is Thirty Lectures on Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era (referred to as "Thirty Lectures" for short).

　　To understand and implement Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, we should not only learn the original text, but also make good use of Thirty Lectures, an important auxiliary reading. Before the publication of this book, the Supreme Leader’s Talks on Governing the Country (Volumes I and II) and other "original works" have been published and are very popular.

　　What is the "Thirty Lectures" about and what is its style?

　　Our reporter read through the book and found that, in terms of content, the Thirty Lectures take "eight definiteness" and "fourteen persistence" as the core content and main basis, and are divided into thirty topics. Stylistically, this book is deeply influenced by the original text of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, and makes good use of classical famous sentences and classic metaphors.

　　structure

　　It is not only the "Thirty Lectures" on the "Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era", but it is necessary to understand this thought before understanding the "Thirty Lectures".

　　At the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era was established as the Party’s guiding ideology and was written into party constitution. The amendment to the Constitution adopted at the first session of the 13th National People’s Congress put this idea into the Constitution. This marks that the guiding ideology of the party and the state has once again kept pace with the times.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China summed up the main content of this thought with "eight definiteness". The "Eight Definitions" include eight aspects, such as "clearly adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, with the overall task of realizing socialist modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and building a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modernization power in the middle of this century in two steps on the basis of building a well-off society in an all-round way".

　　In order to implement the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, the report of the 19th National Congress put forward the basic strategy of upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, which was summarized as "fourteen adherences". "Fourteen Persistences" includes fourteen aspects, such as upholding the Party’s leadership over all work and persisting in taking the people as the center. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is an expression of the guiding ideology, which is called the basic strategy of Socialism with Chinese characteristics at the level of the action program.

　　Thirty Lectures is divided into thirty topics. The first lecture and the thirtieth lecture echo each other, introducing the outline of thoughts at the beginning, and emphasizing arming the whole party with thoughts at the end, respectively focusing on "Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is the guiding ideology that the party and the country must adhere to for a long time" and "Insisting on arming the whole party with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era".

　　Second, talk about the twenty-ninth lecture, focusing on Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the Chinese dream, historic and fundamental changes and achievements, the new era, changes in major social contradictions, upholding the party’s leadership over all work, taking the people as the center, comprehensively deepening reform, new development concepts, building a well-off society in an all-round way, a new journey, high-quality development, a new pattern of all-round opening-up, people being masters of their own affairs, socialist deliberative democracy, socialist country ruled by law, socialist culture, Socialist ideology, safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood, social governance pattern, beautiful China, building a world-class army in an all-round way, adhering to "one country, two systems" and promoting the reunification of the motherland, building a community of human destiny, "One Belt, One Road" initiative, building the party stronger, thinking methods and working methods.

　　These topics comprehensively, systematically and deeply explain the great significance, scientific system, rich connotation, spiritual essence and practical requirements of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era.

　　These thirty topics, each topic has at least 3 sections and at most 8 sections. For example, the fourth lecture "Historical and fundamental changes and achievements in the cause of the party and the state" has only three sections: comprehensively grasping the historical changes and achievements in the cause of the party and the state since the 18th National Congress; A deep understanding of historical achievements is all-round and groundbreaking, and historical changes are deep-seated and fundamental; Fully understand the root causes of historic changes and achievements. Lecture 29, "Try to master Marxist thinking methods and working methods", consists of eight sections, namely, persisting in seeking truth from facts, strategic determination, problem orientation, overall coordination, bottom-line thinking, investigation and research, grasping iron and trace, and historical responsibility.

　　well-known phrase

　　General Secretary of Supreme Leader pays attention to Chinese excellent traditional culture. He often quotes classical famous sentences when he speaks and writes. "Thirty Lectures" also has this style, using a large number of famous sentences quoted by the general secretary.

　　"The elders who seek wood must consolidate their roots; Those who want to flow far away will dig their fountains ",from Wei Zhi’s Ten Thoughts on remonstrating Taizong. It means that to make a tree flourish, it is necessary to stabilize its roots; If the water wants to flow far away, it must clear its source. When talking about "Socialism with Chinese characteristics is socialism rather than any other doctrine", I mentioned this famous sentence in the second lecture. At the same time, the book points out that "it is not easy to find a good road, and it is even more difficult to take this road well".

　　"If you are poor, you will be immune to it, and if you are up to it, you will help the world." Mencius came out. This is the character and mind that the Chinese nation has always advocated. The third lecture focuses on the Chinese dream, talking about the connection between the Chinese dream and the beautiful dreams of people all over the world, and quoting this famous saying. The book also pointed out: "The Chinese dream is a dream to contribute to the world. The Chinese dream not only benefits the people of China, but also benefits the people of all countries in the world. It is the common welfare of the people of Chinese and the people of all countries in the world. "

　　"If good laws are established in the world, then the world will be ruled; If good laws are established in one country, then one country will govern. " This assertion in Wang Anshi’s Duke of Zhou appeared in the seventeenth lecture. The theme of this lecture is to speed up the construction of a socialist country ruled by law. When talking about speeding up the construction of the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, this famous sentence is skillfully used in the book, and it is expounded that the first thing to build the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics is to improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution as the core.

　　"The people are only the country, and the country is better." It means that the people are the foundation of the country, and only when the foundation is solid can the country be stable. The twentieth lecture quoted this famous saying in Shangshu, and then pointed out that improving the well-being of people’s livelihood is the essential requirement of our party to build the party for the public and govern for the people. Leading the people to create a better life is our party’s unswerving goal. Our party leads the people of all ethnic groups in the country to carry out great social revolution, and the fundamental purpose is to let the people live a good life. In this lecture, I also quoted some famous sentences such as "governing the country regularly and benefiting the people" and "Li Yuan comes first in the big world". The theme of this lecture is to protect and improve people’s livelihood in development.

　　"Peace without forgetting danger, survival without forgetting death, and governance without forgetting chaos." This old adage in Zhouyi was quoted by lecture 23. This lecture focuses on "adhering to the overall concept of national security." National security is an important cornerstone of bring peace and stability to the country, and ensuring national security is a top priority. In the new era, China is facing a complex and changeable security and development environment, and various foreseeable and unpredictable risk factors have increased significantly. This situation inevitably requires being prepared for danger in times of peace, and being safe without forgetting danger. In this lecture, the book also quotes The Journey to the West’s saying that "a single thread is not a thread, but it is difficult to sound in one hand", and emphasizes that only by adhering to the new security concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable, and working together to deal with various problems, can we share justice and dignity, development achievements and security guarantees.

　　"The beauty of a harmonious soup lies in its similarities and differences", from The History of the Three Kingdoms. The 26th lecture, focusing on "Building a Community of Human Destiny", quoted this famous sentence when talking about persisting in exchanges and mutual learning. The book also emphasizes that the diversity of human civilization is the basic feature of the world and the source of human progress. Diversity brings communication, communication breeds integration, and integration produces progress. Respect the diversity of world civilizations, transcend the barriers between civilizations, learn from each other, and coexist with each other.

　　Miaoyu

　　It is a fine tradition of Chinese culture to carry Tao by writing. "Beauty is love, love is transmission", and making good use of metaphors is one of the secrets of the popularity of "habitual language style". In Thirty Lectures, wonderful metaphors abound.

　　The Chinese dream is not a flower in the mirror or a moon in the water. The Chinese dream is a national dream, a national dream and, in the final analysis, a people’s dream. The people of China are great people, who have always had a great dream spirit. Even though they have suffered humiliation in modern times, they have always cherished the dream of national rejuvenation. Because of this, an analogy was made in the third lecture: The Chinese dream is not a flower in the mirror, a moon in the water, or an empty slogan, and its deepest roots are in the hearts of the people of China. The profound source of the Chinese dream lies in the people, and the ultimate destination of the Chinese dream also lies in the people. Only by combining it with the people’s yearning for a better life in China can we succeed.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) is the moon among the stars. Adhering to the Party’s core position of commanding the overall situation and coordinating all parties is a prominent feature of the superiority of China’s socialist political system. In the seventh lecture, a wonderful metaphor told this question very vividly: It’s like "the stars hold the moon", and this "moon" is the Communist Party of China (CPC). Without the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), it is impossible for contemporary China to "share the same wind with six countries and share the same experience with Kyushu". In the big chess game of the national governance system, the CPC Central Committee is the "handsome" who sits in the military account, and the chariots, horses and guns show their strengths, and the overall situation of a chess game is clear.

　　China’s opening to the outside world refused to perform solo. "A single flower is not spring, and a hundred flowers bloom in spring." Chinese always believed that only when the world is good can China be good; China is good, and the world is better. The fourteenth lecture pointed out: "China’s opening to the outside world does not require a one-man show, but welcomes all parties to participate together; Not to seek spheres of influence, but to support the common development of all countries; It is not to build your own back garden, but to build a hundred gardens shared by all countries. " China advocated the community consciousness of human destiny, and opposed the Cold War mentality and zero-sum game, which showed China’s wisdom and China’s value.

　　Democracy is not an ornament. There is a clear and powerful conclusion in the sixteenth lecture: "democracy is not an ornament, not for decoration, but for solving the problems that the people want to solve." Democracy as an ornament is formalistic democracy. People only have the right to vote, but not the right to participate extensively. People only wake up when voting and go into hibernation after voting. This kind of democracy is democracy as an "ornament". The Communist Party of China (CPC) paid special attention to respecting the people’s dominant position, deeply rooted the enhancement of the ability of governing the country in the people’s creative practice, and enabled all the insights put forward by various parties to be applied to governing the country through socialist deliberative democracy.

　　Make a big cake and divide it well. It is the eternal theme of human society to make a big cake and divide it well. To achieve social fairness and justice, we must first strive to make a big cake, because the level of economic and social development is the decisive factor to achieve social fairness and justice. Economic development is the foundation, but it does not mean that we should wait until the economy develops before solving the problem of social fairness and justice. To achieve social fairness and justice, we must divide the growing "cakes" so that the superiority of the socialist system can be more fully reflected and the people can have more sense of gain. The twentieth lecture vividly explained this.

　　Leave a "green bank" for future generations. "Can be big" and "can last for a long time" are the distinctive characters of Chinese civilization. Not only China is good, but also the world is good, which is the embodiment of the community of human destiny in the aspect of "greatness"; It is not only good for the present, but also good for future generations, which is the embodiment of sustainable development in terms of "sustainability". How can we achieve sustainable development? In lecture 22, the concept of "green bank" explained this. To build a "green bank", it is necessary to put the promotion of green development mode and lifestyle in a more prominent position, so that resource conservation and environmental friendliness will become the mainstream production and lifestyle, so that green mountains will always be there, green water will always flow, and the air will always be fresh, so that people can produce and live in a good ecological environment.

　　come to realize

　　Marxism is a powerful ideological weapon for us to know the world, grasp the law, pursue the truth and transform the world. As the supreme leader of Marxism in contemporary China and Marxism in the 21st century, Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era contains rich Marxist thinking methods and working methods, which not only arranges the task of "crossing the river" but also guides the solution of the problem of "bridge or boat", providing a powerful ideological weapon for promoting the development of the cause of the party and the country.

　　The twenty-ninth lecture explains it from eight aspects.

　　Insist on seeking truth from facts. Insisting on seeking truth from facts is based on understanding "seeking truth from facts", the key lies in "seeking truth from facts", the fundamental lies in adhering to the party’s mass line and the method lies in constantly emancipating the mind. This requires not only discovering, summarizing and summarizing the fresh experience created by the people in time, but also paying attention to discovering and understanding the law in practice, and transforming the truth knowledge from the masses into practical actions for the masses to transform the world, and paying attention to following and applying the law in practice.

　　Adhere to strategic strength. Without sufficient strategic determination, it is easy to suffer from psychological gain and loss, hesitate in action and vacillate in strategy, and it is easy to drift with the flow, advance and retreat, and even lose the ability to act and miss development opportunities. To adhere to the strategic strength, we must consistently adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must observe calmly, be cautious, and make a decision before moving. We must be calm and wait and see in the complicated and ever-changing international situation, and we must adhere to the general tone of our work.

　　Adhere to the problem orientation. The Communist Party of China (CPC) people have always engaged in revolution, construction and reform in order to solve the practical problems in China. We must dare to face up to problems, be good at discovering problems, analyze problems scientifically, study problems in depth, dare to touch contradictions and be good at solving problems, constantly effectively solve various problems in progress, and constantly open up a new situation for the development of the party and the state in the new era.

　　Adhere to comprehensive coordination. All-round coordination is a distinctive feature of the Party Central Committee governing the country with the Supreme Leader as the core. At present, all kinds of interests in our society are very complicated. We should observe things in a developing rather than static, comprehensive rather than one-sided, systematic rather than piecemeal, universal rather than isolated way, and properly handle all kinds of major relations in upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

　　Adhere to the bottom line thinking. "People who have no long-term worries must have near worries." Adhering to the bottom line thinking is an important strategic strategy for doing a good job in leadership, and it is also a very important leadership art. The more the cause advances and develops, the more new situations and problems will arise. We should run the bottom line thinking through our work and enhance our sense of hardship. We would rather think of the situation more complicated, look at the challenges more severely and be mentally prepared for the worst situation.

　　Insist on investigation and study. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly defined the major policies of upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, made a series of major work arrangements and put forward a series of major measures. The key is to implement them. Correct implementation is inseparable from investigation and study, which requires correct investigation and study and frequent investigation and study.

　　Hold on to the iron. There are marks. One action is better than a dozen programs. It has always been a fine tradition of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to oppose empty talk and emphasize practical work. It is necessary to carry forward the spirit of nailing, draw a blueprint to the end, do a solid job, and lead the masses to do all the work in a down-to-earth manner.

　　Adhere to historical responsibility. A distinctive theoretical character of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era is to learn from Wan Li for thousands of years, persist in linking history, reality and future, and make a profound historical comparison and analysis of major and strategic issues, which embodies a strong historical responsibility spirit. Adhere to the historical responsibility, we must work hard first, take the lead in setting an example, constantly improve our historical thinking ability, and constantly enhance our sense of responsibility, mission and enterprising.

　　Our reporter Chen Zhenkai Xiao Weiguang

　　BEIJING, May 9 (Xinhua) According to foreign media reports, Menzio, a well-known Italian economics professor, was reported to be suspicious by female passengers in the same flight because he was writing calculus equations on a passenger plane, which caused an American Airlines flight to turn back after taking off. After he was questioned by airport security personnel, the plane was delayed for about one hour.

　　According to reports, Guido Menzio, a professor of economics at the University of Pennsylvania with brown skin and black curls, took an American Airlines flight from Philadelphia to Syracuse. A woman next to her later told the crew that she was not feeling well.

　　After the flight turned back, the woman got off the plane and said that the real reason why she wanted to turn around was that she was "very worried" about Menzio’s move.

　　The passenger said that Menzio scribbled casually in the notebook, which seemed to be a mysterious symbol. A spokesman for American Airlines said that the driver quickly decided that "the female passenger’s doubts were not established".

　　After Menzio met with airline security personnel, they said that he was suspected of "terrorism".

　　Menzio showed them his graffiti, saying that it was actually a calculus equation.

　　Menzio won the Carlo Alberto Medal for the best Italian economist under 40 last year.

"We must adhere to scientific policies, advocate unity and cooperation, and bridge ‘ Immune gap ’ Oppose the politicization of the epidemic and the labeling of the virus, and jointly promote the construction of a human health and health community. "

In March last year, in a message of condolence to French President Macron on the COVID-19 epidemic, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader proposed for the first time to build a human health community. Since then, he has mentioned this idea many times in international exchanges.

In May this year, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader announced at the Global Health Summit five measures of China’s support for global solidarity against epidemic diseases, which set up a "four pillars and eight pillars" for building a healthy human community.

In the face of the unprecedented challenges brought by the COVID-19 epidemic to the whole world, the international community can only resist the invasion of the epidemic through thick and thin, unite and cooperate, and gather a strong joint force to fight the epidemic. The concept of building a healthy community of human health is in line with this development trend.

CCTV’s "Network Plus" specially combs the relevant statements of the Supreme Leader Chairman about this concept and China’s contribution in the global war "epidemic", and learns with you.

(Central Radio and Television General Station CCTV Network)

　　[Keywords:]

　　The concept, legal provisions, characteristics, development status, advantages and legal problems of foreign companies　

　　[Abstract]

　　Labor dispatch is favored by foreign companies because of its advantages over traditional employment methods. However, due to legal defects and irregular employment behavior of some foreign companies, there are some legal problems in the process of using labor dispatch workers in foreign companies, which makes the labor dispatch methods of foreign companies questioned. This paper tries to analyze the legal issues related to labor dispatch in foreign enterprises, and then puts forward relevant suggestions on the legal issues arising from labor dispatch in foreign enterprises, which is a dedication to Mei Qin and a reference for legal theorists, judicial practitioners and legislative departments.

　　I. Overview of Labor Dispatch

　　(A) the concept of labor dispatch and related laws and regulations in China

　　Labor dispatch means that labor dispatch units establish labor relations with laborers, and then dispatch laborers to actual employing units to engage in labor under the command or supervision of actual employing units, which is a special form of wage labor. Labor dispatch originated in the United States, and then appeared in Japan, Western Europe and other regions and countries. However, the terms of labor dispatch are different in different countries’ legislation: Japan, South Korea and Taiwan Province use the term "labor dispatch", while Germany calls it "employee transfer" or "employee transfer", while other European countries, the United States and international labor organizations call it "temporary labor" or "leased labor", and the resulting employment relationship is called "temporary employment relationship".

　　Labor dispatch means that the employer does not directly sign labor relations with the workers, but signs a dispatch agreement with the workers, and then sends qualified workers to work in the employer.

　　There are three main bodies in labor dispatch, namely, labor dispatch unit, employment unit and labor dispatch worker. Among them, the labor dispatch unit and the employing unit have a labor dispatch contract relationship; The labor contract relationship between the labor dispatch unit and the labor dispatch workers; There is no direct labor relationship between the labor dispatch workers and the employing units, but based on their labor relationship with the labor dispatch units and the labor dispatch contract between the latter and the employing units, they provide labor services for the employing units and are managed by the employing units.

　　In China’s current legal system, the legal provisions related to labor dispatch and employment are as follows:

　　1. Articles 57 to 67 of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Labor Contract Law;

　　2. Articles 28 to 32 of the Regulations for the Implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Labor Law;

　　Article 34 of the Tort Liability Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC).

　　(B) the characteristics of labor dispatch

　　Generally speaking, labor dispatch has the following characteristics: three parties, two contracts, and the separation of "employment" and "use" of labor.

　　1. Labor dispatch has three parties.

　　This employment mode of labor dispatch is obviously different from the traditional employment mode. The traditional employment mode only involves two subjects, namely the employer and the laborer, while labor dispatch is different. It has three subjects, including the labor dispatch unit, the actual employer and the dispatched laborer. Labor dispatch units conclude labor contracts with dispatched workers, and labor relations are formed between them; The employing unit has the right to supervise and command the dispatched workers and the right to claim labor payment; By concluding a labor dispatch agreement, the labor dispatch unit and the employing unit define the rights and obligations of the dispatched workers in terms of employment and use. It can be seen that the "tripartite subject" is the most superficial feature of labor dispatch.

　　2. There are two contracts.

　　In labor dispatch, there should be at least two contracts: one is the labor contract concluded between the dispatching unit and the dispatched workers. The Labor Contract Law stipulates that the labor dispatch unit shall conclude a fixed-term labor contract with the dispatched workers for more than two years. The identities of "employer" and "employee" are determined through the labor contract, and the dispatching unit undertakes the obligations of paying wages to the dispatched workers, paying social insurance for them, and ensuring the minimum wage income during the non-working period. There is a labor relationship between them. The second is the labor dispatch agreement between the dispatching unit and the employing unit. The Labor Contract Law stipulates that the labor dispatch unit shall conclude a labor dispatch agreement with the employing unit, and the agreement shall stipulate the number of dispatched posts and personnel, the dispatch period, the amount and payment method of labor remuneration and social insurance premiums, and the responsibility for violating the agreement.

　　3. Separation of "employment" and "use" of labor.

　　The biggest difference between labor dispatch and standard labor law is the separation of "employment" and "use" of labor. In labor dispatch, the dispatching unit is the employer of the dispatched worker and the counterpart of the labor contract, but it is not the object that the dispatched worker actually pays the labor. On the contrary, although the employer has no labor relationship with the dispatched workers, it is the actual labor payment claimant of the dispatched workers according to the labor dispatch agreement and can supervise and manage the labor process of the dispatched workers. This has formed a "employment separation" situation of "hiring without using, using without hiring". The separation of employment is the essential feature of labor dispatch.

　　(C) the development of labor dispatch

　　1. Development of labor dispatch in other countries and regions

　　The labor dispatch industry originated in the United States in the 1920s, when a company named Samuel Workman founded the business model of human leasing (Rentedhelp). At that time, the company hired a group of married women to handle the inventory work at night, then trained them to use calculators, and then leased them to enterprises so that enterprises could meet temporary or short-term manpower needs. Since 1940s, the labor dispatch industry has been popularized in the United States and European countries. Since the 1960s, the labor dispatch industry has also been born in Japan, and the Labor Dispatch Law was formally promulgated in 1985. Labor dispatch also appeared in Taiwan Province in 1980s, and developed in the late 1990s.

　　2. The development of labor dispatch in mainland China.

　　In the early days of reform and opening up, due to the policy restriction that foreign legal person’s institutions in China are not allowed to recruit workers directly in China, the labor dispatch industry in China was born to solve this problem. Established in November, 1979, Beijing Foreign Enterprise Human Resources Co., Ltd. initiated the labor dispatch industry in China, providing Chinese employees dispatch services for foreign embassies and consulates in China and permanent representative offices of foreign enterprises in Beijing. With the continuous development of China’s market economy, the employment mode of labor dispatch is rapidly popularized in China. As of May 2013, the total number of laborers in China has reached more than 60 million, accounting for 20% of the total number of domestic employees. From the perspective of labor dispatching employers, taking Shanghai as an example, at present, there are more than 40,000 labor dispatching employers in Shanghai, among which foreign companies use labor dispatching the most.

　　(D) the advantages of labor dispatch

　　The reason why labor dispatch is favored by employers including foreign companies in China is mainly because it has the following advantages compared with the traditional employment method of directly establishing labor relations with workers:

　　1. Flexible employment methods

　　Under the mode of labor dispatch, there is no direct labor relationship between the employer and the labor dispatch, and the two parties are not bound by the legal relationship on concluding, changing and dissolving the labor contract. The employer can ask the labor dispatch unit to increase or decrease the number of personnel at any time according to the needs of production and operation, which is conducive to enhancing the flexibility of employing people.

　　2. Reduce labor costs. Including reducing recruitment costs and personnel management costs. First of all, in the recruitment process, the labor dispatch unit will hand over the recruitment to the professional labor dispatch unit, thus saving the cost and time required for personal recruitment. Secondly, in terms of personnel management, labor dispatch employers can outsource labor contract management, employee file management, social insurance, employee transfer and other matters to professional labor dispatch units, thus reducing the cost of human resource management.

　　3. Reduce the risk of employment. As the main body of the labor contract is the labor dispatch unit and the labor dispatch worker, the labor dispatch unit does not directly sign the labor contract with the labor dispatch worker, and the two sides are not subject to the adjustment of direct labor relations by law. When a dispute arises, the labor dispatch unit does not directly face the worker, which can reduce the trouble of directly solving the labor dispute to a certain extent.

　　Second, the legal problems in the labor dispatch of foreign enterprises

　　As mentioned above, China’s dispatch mode of employment appeared at first because it was convenient for foreign companies to employ. Although the policy problem that caused foreign companies to employ by means of labor dispatch has disappeared, the policy problem of employing by means of labor dispatch has disappeared. However, due to the advantages of labor dispatch mode itself, many foreign companies still choose labor dispatch mode and become the enterprises that adopt this mode of employment the most. However, some problems have also been exposed in the process of sending labor services to foreign companies.

　　(A) abuse of labor dispatch

　　Article 66 of China’s Labor Contract Law stipulates: "Labor contract employment is the basic form of employment for enterprises in China. Labor dispatch is a supplementary form and can only be implemented in temporary, auxiliary or alternative jobs. " However, in practice, foreign companies, driven by the benefits brought by the advantages of labor dispatch itself, have also turned to labor dispatch for posts that should not have been used in order to avoid the responsibility of employers.

　　Among them, the typical abusive labor dispatch mode is "reverse dispatch", which also becomes "false dispatch", that is, the laborer has a direct labor relationship with the employer. In order to avoid the responsibility of employing people, the employer forces the laborer to change his identity, and first takes various means to terminate the labor contract with the laborer, and then let these employees re-conclude the labor contract with the labor dispatch unit designated by the unit, and the dispatching unit will send these employees back to work. In fact, the relationship established by reverse dispatch is a false labor dispatch employment relationship.

　　For example, the famous KFC labor dispatch case. In this case, Beijing KFC transferred Xu Yange’s type of work to labor dispatch, and the salary remained unchanged, and the two sides signed relevant contracts. In 2004, Beijing KFC transformed its cooperative company into Beijing Times Bridge Company. In May, 2004, KFC posted a notice on the wall of the warehouse office, which stated that the warehouse staff would sign a labor contract with Times Bridge Company, and if they did not sign a labor contract with Times Bridge Company, KFC would dismiss them. On May 20th, 2004, at the request of KFC, Xu Yange signed a labor contract with Times Bridge Company. Although Xu Yange signed a labor contract with Times Bridge Company, Xu Yange still works in KFC. On October 12, 2005, KFC returned Xu Yange to Times Bridge Company on the grounds of violating labor discipline and operating rules. On October 12, 2005, Times Bridge Company and Xu Yange dissolved the labor relationship. Xu Yange believes that he has worked in KFC for 11 consecutive years and should be an employee of KFC. Even if the labor contract is terminated, KFC should pay economic compensation according to 11 years of service. KFC believes that Xu Yange is an employee dispatched by Times Bridge Company, and has no labor relationship with KFC, and does not agree to pay any compensation.

　　In this case, KFC officially used reverse dispatch to evade the responsibility of employing people under labor relations, including the responsibility of paying economic compensation. Because the "Labor Contract Law" stipulates three abstract characteristics of "temporary", "auxiliary" and "alternative" for the post of labor dispatch, it is obviously not clear enough; And the term "general" is used, which makes Article 66 of this Law not mandatory. This legal loophole makes it possible to abuse labor dispatch. Although KFC finally decided to bid farewell to labor dispatch in this case, adjusted its policy and changed its employment mode to direct employment, in reality, other foreign companies still abused labor dispatch in a similar way.

　　(two) infringement of the legitimate rights and interests of labor dispatch workers

　　In the process of labor dispatch in foreign enterprises, there are not only problems of abusing labor dispatch, using labor dispatch when it should not be implemented, but also using labor dispatch methods. At the same time, there are also problems such as different pay for equal work, social security, protection of women workers’ rights and interests, and even abuse of labor dispatch.

　　In October 2011, "GUCCI abused workers" broke out, and five former employees who had worked in Shenzhen Gucci flagship store posted an "open letter from collectively resigned Gucci employees to Gucci’s top management" on the Internet, which revealed to the public that Gucci had more than 100 regulations on employees’ behavior when working in stores. Among them, many regulations directly challenge the physiological needs of employees. For example, "you must apply to your superiors for drinking water, and you must get permission to go to the bathroom. The time to go to the bathroom is strictly limited to five minutes." Even some resigned employees report that they have to stand for more than ten hours every day when they go to work during pregnancy. What is even more puzzling is that the company director does not even allow pregnant colleagues to eat and supplement nutrition during breaks. It is said that there are also pregnant colleagues who have miscarried because of this. This labor abuse storm involves the labor employment system of Gucci Shenzhen brand store, and it is found that all Shenzhen employees sign contracts by means of labor dispatch. Although the five store employees in the incident were managed by Gucci, these Gucci employees signed the work contract with a company named Nanyou Waifu Human Resources Co., Ltd. in Nanshan District, Shenzhen. After signing the contract, the employees were first "dispatched" to Gucci’s Shanghai headquarters and then "dispatched" to Shenzhen to work, which made this labor dispute case face the problem of "supervision in different places". And labor dispatch has also become Gucci’s shield to avoid responsibility.

　　Third, suggestions to solve the problem

　　In view of the legal problems arising from the above-mentioned labor dispatch in foreign enterprises, the reasons actually include two factors: one is the possibility that the loopholes in the law itself lead to the above-mentioned problems; Second, some foreign companies have insufficient awareness of law-abiding and have not established a correct concept of employment. Therefore, for the solution of the above problems, we can find a way out from the legal aspects and foreign companies.

　　(A) Suggestions to improve the law

　　As mentioned above, Article 66 of the Labor Safety Law only stipulates the abstract three characteristics of "temporary", "auxiliary" and "alternative" in non-mandatory language, lacking specific identification standards and mandatory provisions. The draft "Regulations on the Implementation of the Labor Contract Law" tried to specify the posts where labor dispatch can be implemented, but it was deleted in the officially promulgated version.

　　As an atypical mode of employment, labor dispatch is subject to certain restrictions in other countries and regions, including specific industries and their deadlines. In order to make up for legal loopholes and prevent the possibility of abusing labor dispatch, it is necessary to improve the restrictions on employment positions of labor dispatch in legislation. Some scholars advocate empirical expression. For example, in Japan and Taiwan Province, China, more than 100 industries and jobs are listed, and only those jobs within the scope can use dispatched workers. Otherwise, it is illegal to use dispatched workers.

　　(B) Suggestions on labor dispatch in foreign enterprises

　　From the perspective of foreign companies, although labor dispatch has the above advantages, there are certain disadvantages if these advantages are abused and the labor dispatch method is also applied to general posts.

　　First of all, the employment mode of labor dispatch will reduce employees’ sense of belonging to the enterprise, thus reducing their loyalty to the enterprise, which may increase the difficulty of employee team management, and even face the risk of trade secrets being leaked and business risks, which will not only fail to save costs, but may cause greater losses to the enterprise.

　　Secondly, the use of labor dispatch is not conducive to improving the overall technical quality of the workforce. In vocational training, it is difficult to expect labor dispatch units to provide vocational training for a large number of workers with different skills, educational levels and job requirements scattered in various workplaces. From the perspective of foreign companies, they are unwilling to increase investment in employees who do not belong to them to improve their labor skills, so labor dispatch is likely to become a short-sighted behavior of foreign companies, which is not conducive to their rapid development. Even if foreign companies are willing to invest in training costs for labor dispatch workers, because there is no direct labor relationship between the two parties, foreign companies do not enjoy some of the rights that employers should have. For example, in the case of training liquidated damages between Siemens and labor dispatch worker Peng Jia in 2007, Siemens was ruled by the Arbitration Commission to lose the case, because it only served as an employer rather than an employer in the labor dispatch relationship, and it was not qualified to set up liquidated damages. Siemens originally wanted to escape the obligations of the employer through the labor dispatch relationship, trying to take advantage of the lack of strict provisions in the original law, but the result was bitter.

　　Finally, because Article 92 of the Labor Contract Law stipulates that "if the dispatched workers are damaged, the labor dispatching unit and the employing unit shall bear joint and several liability", it brings joint and several liability risks to foreign enterprises in using labor dispatching workers. For example, if the labor dispatching unit fails to apply for industrial and commercial insurance for the labor dispatching workers in time and is unable to pay high industrial injury insurance fees after an industrial injury, the employing enterprise shall bear joint and several liability and pay the expenses for the labor dispatching unit. What is more serious is that if the labor dispatch unit closes down or is cancelled, the employing enterprise is required to assume all legal obligations to the labor dispatch workers.

　　In view of the unfavorable factors mentioned above, from the perspective of foreign-invested enterprise operators, we should not blindly pursue the benefits brought by labor dispatch, but it is likely that the attempt to evade the responsibility of employing people by abusing labor dispatch will not pay off. Therefore, for posts that are not suitable for labor dispatch, direct labor relations should still be adopted for employment. For "temporary", "auxiliary" and "alternative" posts that really meet the legal requirements, foreign enterprises should choose legally established and standardized labor dispatch units when adopting Laiwu’s labor dispatch mode, and clearly stipulate the specific rights and obligations of both parties when signing labor dispatch contracts; At the same time, when using labor dispatch workers, we should also pay attention to the humanized management of employees, improve the awareness of obeying the law, and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of labor dispatch workers. On the one hand, it is conducive to reducing the legal risks in the process of employment, on the other hand, it is also a manifestation of corporate social responsibility, which is conducive to maintaining the corporate image of foreign companies and promoting their long-term development.　

[References]

[1] Zhang Songxia: "Research on Legal Joint Liability for Labor Dispatch", published on Jiangsu Court Network on May 9, 2014.

[2] Jiang Lin: "Analysis on the Employer’s Responsibility in Labor Dispatch", which was published on Jiangsu Court Network on November 14, 2013.

[3] Cai Xiaoyi: "A Preliminary Study on the Legal Issues of Labor Dispatching in Foreign Enterprises", contained in "Research on Hot Issues of China Law", China University of Political Science and Law Press, 1st edition, May 2013, pp. 168-176.

[4] Item: "On the Advantages and Disadvantages of Enterprises Implementing Labor Dispatch", in China Business, No.2, 2010.

[5] Tan Guli: "Luxury brand Gucci Shenzhen labor abuse storm", contained in "Legal Person", No.11, 2011.

[6] Huang Qi: "On the expansion of labor dispatch and related issues", contained in "Trade Union Theory Research", No.2, 2011.

[7] Zheng Shangyuan: "Improper Labor Dispatch and Its Control", in The Jurist, No.2, 2008.

[8] Tian Xianghua: "After Siemens lost the case", Law and Life, No.2, 2008.

[9] Long Jishou: "Risks and Prevention of Labor Dispatching", in Sichuan Labor Security, No.5, 2011.

[10] Research Center for the Proposition of the Compass Judicial Examination: Collection of Required Laws and Regulations for the National Judicial Examination in 2015 (Teaching Edition, Volume 6), China University of Political Science and Law Press, October 2014, pp. 279-281.

(Author: suyu district People’s Court, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province)

　　Yesterday, the Ministry of Education and other nine departments jointly issued "Measures to Reduce the Burden of Primary and Secondary School Students", with a total of 30 articles. This "burden reduction order" clearly stated for the first time that students should not bring their mobile phones into the classroom, and there are clear "scales" for the total amount of written homework, students’ sleep time and the number of exams. For example, primary school students do not leave written homework in grades one and two, homework in grades three to six does not exceed one hour, and primary school students sleep for at least 10 hours every day.

　　Put an end to "non-zero starting point" teaching

　　Strictly control the number of exams

　　The "30-article burden reduction" clearly requires that primary and secondary schools should strictly implement the national curriculum plan and curriculum standards, start all the prescribed courses, and must not arbitrarily increase the teaching difficulty and speed up the teaching progress, and put an end to the "non-zero starting point" teaching. In the compulsory education stage, it is strictly forbidden for schools to set up key classes, fast and slow classes and experimental classes in any name, standardize the implementation of random and balanced classes for students, and allocate teachers in a reasonable and balanced way.

　　Schools should resolutely control the number of examinations. The school can organize a unified examination every semester in the first and second grades of primary school, and no more than two unified examinations every semester in other grades. It is not allowed to organize a unified examination that is selective or linked to further studies in primary schools. The examination content is determined strictly according to the curriculum standards and basic teaching requirements, and there are no eccentric questions. Grade evaluation of test scores is implemented, and it is strictly forbidden to publish students’ test scores and rankings in any form or manner.

　　All localities should further promote the full coverage of compulsory education schools to enroll in the nearest school without examination, and it is strictly forbidden to organize examinations and select students in various names, and it is strictly forbidden to use the training results of training institutions as the basis for enrollment.

　　No written homework in grades one and two.

　　Parents are not allowed to evaluate and correct homework on their behalf.

　　In the past, the workload requirements were also specified, such as "no more than half an hour", but some schools implemented this requirement as "single subject", that is, the workload of each subject did not exceed half an hour, so that the total workload of all subjects far exceeded the regulations.

　　The "30 articles of burden reduction" clearly controls the "total amount of written work". There is no written homework in grade one or two in primary school, no more than 60 minutes in grade three to grade six, no more than 90 minutes in junior high school, and the homework time in senior high school should be arranged reasonably. The difficulty level of homework should not exceed the requirements of the curriculum standard, teachers should not assign repetitive and punitive homework, and parents should not assign homework or ask parents to evaluate and correct homework on their behalf.

　　According to the new regulations, off-campus training institutions are strictly forbidden to train beyond the class, and it is strictly forbidden to link the training results with the enrollment of primary and secondary schools, and it is strictly forbidden to organize and hold subject-level examinations, competitions and rankings for primary and secondary school students.

　　Schools around the country can establish a flexible school leaving system, provide students with a variety of after-school services, arrange students to participate in various interest groups or music, sports and art activities, and it is strictly forbidden to turn after-school services into collective teaching or collective remedial classes.

　　Put an end to the problem of off-topic in the college entrance examination

　　Teaching and enrollment will be linked to "burden reduction". The new regulations require that all localities fully implement the enrollment mode of high school based on the scores of junior high school level examinations and comprehensive quality evaluation, rationally allocate high-quality high school enrollment places to ordinary junior high schools and improve the implementation rules. The enrollment of private primary and secondary schools is incorporated into the unified management of school approval, and enrollment is synchronized with public primary and secondary schools.

　　The grading examination of academic level and the proposition of college entrance examination in ordinary high schools should be based on the curriculum standards of ordinary high schools and the requirements of talent selection in colleges and universities. All localities should innovate the form of test questions, increase comprehensive, open, applied and exploratory test questions, strengthen situational design, and put an end to eccentric questions.

　　High school students sleep more than 8 hours a day.

　　The "burden reduction order" also has clear requirements for students’ sleep time. Families should ensure that primary school students sleep no less than 10 hours a day, junior high school students not less than 9 hours, and senior high school students not less than 8 hours.

　　Liu Xiuying, director of the Family Education Research Institute of China Youth Research Center, said that sleep is the most comprehensive and effective rest, and adequate sleep can improve children’s brain power.

　　For the first time, it is clear that mobile phones are forbidden in class

　　The "burden reduction order" proposes that students should be standardized in using electronic products, and it is forbidden for students to bring mobile phones into the classroom. This is the first time that relevant policies have made it clear that "mobile phones are not allowed in the classroom".

　　Nine ministries and commissions also advise families to fulfill their educational guardianship responsibilities, guide children to use electronic products reasonably, go to healthy websites, not indulge in online games, and do not use mobile phones to screen. Don’t let children watch TV for a long time, ensure that primary school students sleep every day, work and rest on time, don’t stay up late, eat less snacks, don’t be picky about food, and don’t compare with others.

　　Our reporter Ren Min.

　　"Why are you so cold to me? Why can you just agree to my brother’s various requirements? " At 10 o’clock in the evening, Zhang Yangyang, a sophomore girl standing on the phone at the end of the dormitory corridor, became more and more emotional. This is the third time in a month that she has made a scene with her mother.

　　At the other end of the phone, my mother was still saying something, but Zhang Yangyang couldn’t listen to it, so she threw her phone to the ground. Roommates rushed out to comfort Zhang Yangyang, who was shaking with tears. They know that the quarrel must be triggered by their younger brother, who is 9 years younger than Zhang Yangyang.

　　Zhang Yangyang thought that if she went to college far away from her hometown, she would be able to get rid of the shadow her brother had caused her in middle school. However, it didn’t.

　　Just like the contradiction shown in the movie "Take my brother away quickly", brothers and sisters determined by blood will resist and alienate each other’s existence and parents’ attitude because of their immature growth stage. When a two-child family encounters adolescence, how should parents and children handle and resolve many psychological puzzles together?

　　Going to college in a distant city has become my biggest motivation to survive high school.

　　"It resonated when I watched" Take My Brother Away ".I also fantasized about it many times. If only there were no younger brothers at home."

　　When Zhang Yangyang was in junior high school, his younger brother was still in kindergarten and primary school. "The two of us are just one word all day: grab. Will rob TV, I want to watch the news, he wants to watch cartoons; I will grab snacks. After 50/50, I usually eat a quarter, and my brother has eaten it all, so he will grab mine. "

　　Whenever there is friction with my younger brother, my mother will say the mantra: "You are my sister, so let my younger brother go." Zhang Yangyang was very resistant: "No one gave way to me when I was a child?"

　　When he was older, Zhang Yangyang felt that his younger brother was fighting for the future, not just TV and snacks. "The school organized a study tour program in the provincial capital city in the summer vacation of senior one, and my father wouldn’t let me go, saying that it was a waste of money and time; In the second year of high school, I feel that it is difficult to learn physics. I want to go to a remedial class, and my mother does not agree. "

　　Demand was repeatedly rejected by parents, and Zhang Yangyang’s resentment against his younger brother deepened: "Although my younger brother doesn’t want anything, I think my parents are unfair and prefer boys to girls!"

　　With the idea of "out of sight, out of mind", Zhang Yangyang decided to go to a university in a distant city, which became the biggest motivation for her to get through high school. But it turns out that the knot that has not been solved before continues to be an unavoidable obstacle in college. When parents refused to go out for communication during the summer vacation and wanted to look after their younger brother at home, Zhang Yangyang broke out completely: "I didn’t want you to have a younger brother. Why did you sacrifice my future?"

　　Yin Hongfeng, a psychological teacher in the private huijia school Middle School, believes that the most concentrated confusion of the older children in the two-child family in adolescence is "falling out of favor". Such children are prone to a pair of contradictions: they are eager for independence and full of dependence. "Adolescent children slowly become independent from their families and move towards their own small world. But suddenly a younger child comes, and then the older child will feel from ‘ Princess ’ Suddenly become a state where no one cares. "

　　Yin Hongfeng pointed out that after falling out of favor, children will be particularly sensitive to fairness. Even if some outsiders see their parents’ unusual and just things, in children’s eyes, the feeling of unfairness will be continuously amplified. Yin Hongfeng believes that to deal with such a sibling relationship, parents should first show their attitude, and their starting point is the same, and let the older child realize that the reason why he is emotional may be that he cares too much about "fairness".

　　Yin Hongfeng doesn’t agree that parents always say that older children "must give way to their younger brothers and sisters". "Parents should give their children reasonable guidance, pave the way in advance, arouse their sense of responsibility, and let them know what they can do, instead of directly ordering you to do what you should do after the contradiction occurs."

　　My parents didn’t tell me how to be a sister, which made my brother and I feel like strangers.

　　Wang Xiaoqi, 23, is eight years behind his younger brother. In adolescence, she also fell into confusion because of her younger brother and doubted her position in her parents’ hearts. However, parents’ indifference to the relationship between brother and sister has caused a completely different result from Zhang Yangyang — — The relationship between her and her brother is very alienated, and each tube has its own, and there is little intersection.

　　Wang Xiaoqi recalled that at the beginning, this younger brother was like an "airdrop", without warning, and "thud" hit her quiet life. During the winter vacation in the second grade of primary school, she went to her aunt’s house for a month and came home to find a baby in the house. "My parents didn’t discuss it with me in advance, and even the whole family told me that my brother picked it up at the hospital gate. I really believed it at that time."

　　"A younger brother fell from the sky, which has a great influence on me. I also described it in detail in my composition. My parents not only didn’t say why they gave birth to my younger brother, but also didn’t tell me how to treat my younger brother as an elder sister. This led me not to kiss my younger brother. Although I would play together, I would not share my inner thoughts with each other. "

　　Wang Xiaoqi regrets that when she is about to go to college, she strongly feels that if only her parents had taught her the responsibility of being a sister earlier. "Because it’s really only when we are young that we do something together and care about each other, and when we grow up, we will be closer. Now we are too independent and lack some closer connection. "

　　The "relationship class" that has been missing from my parents during adolescence can only be made up by myself. After going to college, when my mother calls to complain about my brother, Wang Xiaoqi will help him explain; Go home on vacation and take the initiative to ask about my brother’s studies. "When I take the initiative to approach, my brother has obviously grown up and will take the initiative to talk to me about school and life."

　　In Yin Hongfeng’s view, when parents decide to have a second child, they should have a good communication with the first child, explain clearly why they want to have brothers and sisters, and what changes the older child may face, so as to arouse his sense of responsibility and mission.

　　"Parents should give enough psychological construction to let children know that if you are the only child in our family, you will be under great pressure when your parents are old. But with a younger brother or sister to share, the pressure will be much smaller. " Yin Hongfeng pointed out that parents need to listen to what kind of brotherhood their children really want. "Brotherhood is irreplaceable by other feelings. The warmer and more harmonious brotherhood is good for the growth of both people.".

　　Give space and psychological support to build a sense of boundary between two children.

　　"The problem didn’t first appear in adolescence." Li Rong, who has a pair of children, lamented that when the second child was born, the problem of getting along between the two children had already started. Her two children are eight years apart. Her elder sister is in high school and her younger brother is in primary school.

　　"The difference between the two children is 6 to 8 years old, and the relationship is more difficult to deal with. They are not on the same channel. Now the boss is in various cram schools, and the second child is still playing silly. This gap has caused fewer opportunities for them to establish emotional connections. "

　　The eldest of adolescence often shows that his parents are partial to the second child, and Li Rong is helpless. "You have different requirements for children of different ages. Young children can eat, drink and be happy; And the boss’s academic pressure has come up, so you will naturally have many requirements for her — — In the eyes of children, that is eccentricity. "

　　Li Rong found that the two children would imitate each other, stimulate each other, and "compete" for the opportunity to get close to themselves. The teenage boss was as "naive" as his younger brother, and he would suddenly act like a spoiled brat.

　　However, Li Rong also saw that if the elder sister has a good face to the younger brother, the younger brother will "rush to be particularly good to the elder sister", and vice versa. "The second child is born with this kind of robbing consciousness, and he feels that everything has to be robbed by others. But whenever my sister is willing to tease him, he is especially willing to play with her, which is better than following her mother, so the demonstration effect of the boss has a great influence on the second child. "

　　At present, in the face of the relationship between the two children, Li Rong’s approach is — — The problem of brother and sister is backward, so let my sister spend her adolescence first. "I’ll let the younger ones leave their sister alone or isolate them. This is not necessarily a good thing for their emotional communication, but adolescence will have its own stumbling and troubles, and many times my way is to let them not get along. "

　　Yin Hongfeng thinks that parents need to give their older children in adolescence enough support in space and psychology. Don’t deprive him of the right to make decisions about his future and life.

　　In addition, it must be noted that the younger child in a two-child family is also sensitive in heart. "As soon as he is born, he needs to learn to read and speak." Yin Hongfeng suggested that parents should let the second child know that the boss is protecting him, but he can’t rely entirely on the boss. "Parents can tell the younger child that you can play with your sister, but she still has a lot of homework to do when she comes back, so you have to wait until she finishes her homework before you find her to play — — This is to let children know that there is a sense of boundary between people. "

　　China Youth Daily China Youth Network reporter Shen Jiequn Source: China Youth Daily

　　Cctv newsAccording to the Emergency Management Department, on August 19th, in order to implement the spirit of the second plenary meeting of The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) and the State Council, the National Defense General Office and the Emergency Management Department organized video consultation and dispatch on flood control and drought relief, and jointly consulted with the China Meteorological Bureau, the Ministry of Water Resources and the Ministry of Natural Resources to judge the rain, flood, drought and disaster, and video dispatched Tianjin, Gansu, Sichuan and other provinces to arrange flood control and drought relief work in key areas.

　　The meeting stressed that it is still in the main flood season, and it is necessary to thoroughly implement the spirit of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary as the primary political task at present and in the future. In accordance with the deployment requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, we should adhere to the people first and life first, take the sense of responsibility of "always worrying", further compact the responsibility, refine the division of tasks, do a good job in flood control, drought relief and disaster relief from beginning to end, and earnestly put the safety of people’s lives in the first place.

　　The meeting pointed out that the main stream of Songhua River in Northeast China has retreated below the warning water level, and the dikes in Haihe River Basin are still in danger at the stage of retreating. The difficulty of transferring personnel management has gradually increased with time. The local heavy rainfall in South China, Jiangnan, southwestern Sichuan and Yunnan is sporadic and frequent, and the drought in Northwest China continues and may develop further. The situation of flood control and drought relief is still very complicated.

　　The meeting called for ensuring that flood control responsibility measures are put in place, and urging administrative responsible persons at all levels to arrive at their posts, sink to the front line, and command from the front, so as to truly be responsible, responsible and conscientious in guarding the soil. It is necessary to continue to do a good job in flood control and drainage in the Haihe River Basin, strengthen inspection and defense of flood discharge channels and dikes in flood storage and detention areas, strictly guard against major dangers during the water withdrawal period, continue to promote waterlogging in waterlogged areas and flood storage and detention areas, and do a good job in blocking and restoring flood diversion gates in an orderly manner. It is necessary to strictly guard against local heavy rainfall. In view of weak links such as small and medium-sized river floods, small and medium-sized reservoirs’ safety in flood season, mountain torrents and geological disasters, and urban waterlogging, we should encrypt patrol duty and emergency response, strictly implement the responsibilities and measures of early warning and call, transfer risk avoidance, and rescue, resolutely transfer threatened people such as mountain torrents, hidden dangers of geological disasters, low-lying areas along the river, and construction sites, and make overall plans for flood control, security and production safety in industrial and mining enterprises during flood season. It is necessary to speed up disaster relief, recovery and reconstruction, take on-the-spot verification, satellite remote sensing and other means to carry out disaster assessment quickly and dynamically, scientifically determine areas that need key support, urge all localities to make good use of disaster relief funds, and do everything possible to speed up the recovery and reconstruction of damaged houses to ensure that the affected people can go home or move into new homes as soon as possible. At present, Xinjiang, Gansu and other provinces with severe drought should further improve the emergency plan for drought relief, strengthen drought relief consultation and drought statistics, ensure the drinking water safety of urban and rural residents, and make overall plans for drought relief.

　　BEIJING, April 3 (Xinhua)-According to the website of the Ministry of Education, according to the evaluation results of the Seventh National Appraisal Committee for the Establishment of Colleges and Universities, it was decided by the party group meeting of the Ministry of Education that six independent colleges, including Nanguang College of Communication University of China, should be converted into independent private ordinary undergraduate schools, which should be managed by their provinces and districts.

　　Screenshot of Ministry of Education website

　　The six independent colleges were transferred as follows: Hongde College of Inner Mongolia Normal University was transferred to Hongde College of Science in Inner Mongolia, anhui university of finance Business School was transferred to Bengbu Business School, Nanguang College of Communication University of China was transferred to Nanjing Media College, Yinxing Hotel Management College of Chengdu University of Information Technology was transferred to Chengdu Xing Hotel Management College, Mingde College of Northwestern Polytechnical University was transferred to Xi ‘an Mingde Institute of Technology, and Xi ‘an University of North Information Technology was transferred to Xi ‘an Business School.