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On March 8th, Women’s Day, I would like to take this opportunity to talk to you about Xia Peisu, the mother of computers in China. China’s first chip was named after her. Without her, China’s computer industry might be stagnant for 50 years.

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On July 28th, 1923, a baby girl was born in Chongqing. His father’s name is Xia Hongni. He used to run a school and run an industry in Jiangjin County, and his mother Huang Xiaoyong is the principal of Jiangjin Girls’ Primary School. Perhaps they want to train this child to be a serious scholar. They named this child Xia Peisu.

At this time of social unrest in China, during this period, many scholars are thinking of changing the status quo through change. No one can think that this baby girl will play an important role in the modernization of science and technology in China in the future. And won the title of the mother of computers in China.

Hello, everyone, I’m a bad reviewer. In today’s video, let’s talk about Xia Peisu and China’s computer industry, which was conceived by her.

The Historical Necessity of Computer Development

Why should we develop computers?

In 1946, a China mathematician with only junior high school education traveled across the ocean and came to the United States, the world science and technology center at that time. Although his education was not high, he was a visiting scholar at Princeton University in the United States. Even later.

He was also appointed as a researcher by the Princeton Institute for Advanced Studies. At that time, his colleagues included Einstein and von Neumann, who is now called the father of modern computers.

And his name is Hua Luogeng. This year happened to be the year when the world’s first electronic computer, ENIAC, was successfully developed. Von Neumann is one of the scientists who participated in the production of this computer. Thanks to his relationship with Von Neumann, he was fortunate to visit this most advanced electronic computer in the world at that time.

At that time, he was impressed by the advanced degree and calculation speed of this computer. As a mathematician, he deeply knew the importance of calculation speed to a country’s scientific and technological development. The idea of making our country’s own computer from now on

It took root in his mind.

Develop computers

On October 1st, 1949, New China was founded, and the domestic environment gradually stabilized. At this time, China urgently needs those talents who have studied abroad to return to build the country.

However, the newly-established New China is far behind foreign countries in terms of both economic conditions and scientific research conditions, so it is better to choose an excellent living and research environment or to devote ourselves to the journey of building the motherland without hesitation. This has always been a dilemma for overseas students.

Except Hua Luogeng.

He thinks that China has entered a new stage, and he wants to make contributions to China’s science and technology catching up with the world level. At the same time, he knows this matter well, and it needs talents from all disciplines to work together. So, when he returned to Hongkong, Hua Luogeng wrote an open letter to all students studying in China.

In the letter, he wrote: "Friends! We have been deeply restricted by immigration laws and discriminated against by skin color, which has not set a circle for us. Of course, some so-called "outstanding" individuals have jumped out of this circle and received special "grace" and "permission" and "naturalization", but if we think about it, our compatriots are being bullied and discriminated against, and if they are "appreciated" by individuals, they will be complacent. What kind of heart is this!

Friends! Liangyuan is good, but it’s not a hometown where you have lived for a long time.’ Come back and forth! "

Then in March 1950, Xinhua News Agency broadcast this open letter to the whole world. Many other overseas students are eager to serve the country, and Xia Peisu is one of them.

After Hua Luogeng returned to China, the idea of building a computer, which once only stayed in his mind, can be put into action. However, computer is a complex interdisciplinary subject, and it is impossible to do it only by knowing mathematics. He urgently needs talents who know something about electrical machinery and physics.

So Hua Luogeng found Min Naida, who was in Tsinghua University Telecom Network Research Office at that time, and Min Naida recommended two candidates to Hua Luogeng, Xia Peisu and Wang Chuanying, who had just returned from overseas.

From then on, these three people formed the first computer research group in China and started the development of the first computer in China. However, Min Naida later left because he needed to continue his mathematics works, while Wang Chuanying was assigned to the Soviet learning accelerator because he needed talents badly to develop the atomic bomb.

Of the three people in the initial group, only Xia Peisu was left.

Xia peisu’s life

Early school experience

Xia Peisu was born in 1923 when the society was in turmoil. After the Anti-Japanese War and the Civil War, she graduated from the Department of Electrical Engineering of Central University in 1945.

According to her, the reason why I chose this major was simply that I was "interested in inductance".

In the next two years, Xia Peisu completed his postgraduate studies at the Institute of Telecommunications of Jiaotong University. In 1947, he studied in the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Edinburgh, England, completed his doctorate in 1950, and returned to China the following year.

Later, at the invitation of Hua Luogeng, he began to study computers.

According to Xia Peisu, "The sofa, coffee table and table in Mr. Hua’s living room are all open books and periodicals. I think Mr. Hua is a scholar. Later, we sat down and talked. He asked about our education and experience. Willing to engage in computers; Of course I’d love to. Because I already knew something about computers when I was in England, knowing is a very promising subject. So if our country wants to do it, I am particularly willing to do it. So at that time, I expressed my willingness to go to Mr. Hua to develop electronic computers, and that’s how the work began. "

Take the lead in starting the computer business in China.

However, the task is coming, but how to start it has become a difficult problem. At that time, New China had just been established. Due to the severe blockade of China by western countries, not only scientific research funds were scarce, but also scientific research materials on computers were basically absent. Xia Peisu and others can only study while collecting domestic and foreign materials. They read a lot of foreign English periodicals and contact overseas students and ask them to collect some latest information about calculation.

When the materials were collected, Xia Peisu sorted and absorbed them and compiled them into handouts. There was even a training class with handouts to train computer talents, but they didn’t even have decent scientific research equipment except for the scarcity of information. During the Institute of Mathematics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xia Peisu and others had to collect experimental equipment everywhere in order to build a laboratory.

Xia Peisu once wrote in his memory: "At that time, everything in the experiment had to start from scratch. Wang Chuanying often went to the city with a small bag to buy radio components, electricity meters, wires and tools. Sometimes I even go to the thrift store to look for something useful. "

However, it is under such difficult conditions that the computer team has completed the design of arithmetic unit, controller and memory, laying the foundation for making general-purpose computers.

107 Computers and Their Contributions

However, although the domestic computer development work has started at this time, because the foundation is really weak, more technical support still comes from the Soviet Union.

In 1959, the computer team copied the prototype No.103 and No.104 by studying the M-3 and BESM-|| computers of the Soviet Union. But just as they were preparing to start developing applications for calculation, the relationship between China and the Soviet Union suddenly deteriorated rapidly, and the Soviet Union withdrew all the expert groups, instruments, equipment and materials in China. At this time, the international community generally believes that without the support of the Soviet Union, China’s computer industry will stop.

However, the computer industry in China has not stopped.

Things didn’t go as expected in western countries. Without the support of the Soviet Union, Xia Peisu and others decided to simply abandon the Soviet design and design our own computer in Chinese. Not long after, just two years later, the first general-purpose computer in China, which was designed by Xia Peisu himself and named 107, was successfully installed in the National Science and Technology University in Beijing.

This 107-tube digital computer occupies 6 cabinets, and uses a total of 1280 tubes, with a word length of 32 bits, a magnetic core storage capacity of 1024 bytes, a machine frequency of 625KHz, an average of 250 operations per second and a power consumption of 6000 watts. This machine can run about 100 programs, including checking programs, error diagnosis programs, and various applications.

At the beginning, all the bosses hand-coded the machine code and wrote these programs, which is the number 0101. It was not until later that I switched to assembler, and this 107 computer became the teaching ancestor of China computer industry.

At that time, the National University of Science and Technology compiled a lecture on computer principles and programming based on the 107 computer, which was used as a teaching material for computer specialty, mechanics department, automation department and geophysics. Until he retired in 107, there were 240 students majoring in computer science and 360 students from foreign departments who wrote their own programs to calculate problems on 107.

Besides teaching tasks, the 107 computer has also accepted some other units’ calculation tasks, such as tidal forecasting calculation, atomic reactor ray energy distribution calculation and so on. Even the first Ministry of Machinery Industry followed the drawing of 107. Another one was copied, which was specially used for ballistic calculation, which played an important role in the experiment of studying missiles and hydrogen bombs.

It can be said that the security of China today is inseparable from the contribution of Xia Peisu and the 107 computer she designed!

Inheritance of spirit

In addition to the development of computers, another thing that Xia Peisu is concerned about is teaching and educating people.

Since the 1960s, Xia Peisu began to train graduate students, and she has trained more than 60 graduate students. Among them, two won the National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Award, and three won the China Youth Science and Technology Award. Xia Peisu believes that training graduate students is mainly to train talents for the country, not to help tutors complete scientific research tasks.

She firmly believes that it is absolutely impossible to develop the computer industry without new forces, and it is her duty to train talents for the computer industry. Han Chengde, the first master student trained by Xia Peisu in the 1960s, participated in the development of China’s first satellite ground measurement and control computer 717 at the end of the 1960s.

The 717 computer system is the first large-scale real-time engineering system developed by China. Li Guojie, a master student trained by Xia Peisu in 1970s, went abroad to study on Xia Peisu’s recommendation. After returning to China, he led a young team and used limited manpower and funds to successfully develop Shuguang series high-performance computers. Its performance and price are much better than those of the same type imported from China, breaking foreign monopoly and changing the embargo standards of foreign countries on high-performance computers in China. And Xia Peisu always thought

The research work must be very advanced. In the early 1990s, she clearly realized that the development and application of high-performance computers related to the overall strength of the country. While promoting related work, she suggested that the country should vigorously develop the design and manufacture of VLSI, otherwise it would be subject to people forever. And this very large scale integrated circuit

Let’s simply understand CPU now.

The last project of her scientific research work is Godson-1, which is the first chip with completely independent intellectual property rights in the real sense.

The person who led the team to lead this Loongson project was Xia Peisu’s student and now the father of Loongson-Hu Weiwu.

And this Loongson No.1 has another nickname, called Xia 50.

And was designed and printed on the metal layer of Godson I:

This name is to commemorate Xia Peisu’s 50 years of hard work in the computer industry. Since then, Xia Peisu has faded out of the scientific research field and enjoyed his life.

ending

On August 7, 2014, the 91-year-old Xia Lao died in Beijing due to illness and treatment. In the same year, in order to commemorate Xia Peisu’s outstanding contribution to China’s computer development, the China Computer Society specially set up the Xia Peisu Award, which was used to award female scientists and technicians who made outstanding contributions to promoting the computer industry in China. So far, nine outstanding women have won this honor.

In June 2021, Hu Weiwu, a student of Xia Peisu, recalled his teacher in an interview, "My teacher has a great influence on me in many places. For example, when she talked about scientific spirit, I gave my paper to my teacher, and my teacher corrected it for me for 8 months, making a total of 26 drafts. You can’t imagine how strict she is. She really teaches me to learn, but more importantly, she has feelings for the country. "

From this passage, we may get a glimpse of why students in Xia Lao always want to stick to the road of independent innovation.

It is with these rigorous patriotic scientists that China can continuously achieve one new breakthrough after another on the road of science and technology.

Director: Yang Zi Video Production: bilibili Bad Review Jun

Editor: Huan Yan (video) & Xuan Xuan (tweet)

References:

Xia Peisu and the establishment and development of computer science in China, on Xia Peisu’s contribution to computer science in China, No.6, Volume 34, Shanxi Science and Technology in 2019, a brief history of computer development in China, Science and Technology Herald, 2016,34 (14),

Xia Peisu, the mother of China computer,

Academician Xia Peisu, one of the founders of China computer,

Computer education in December 2003,

The computer pioneer who built modern China、BBC Future、

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Original title: The first computer developed by New China was designed by her. 》

Read the original text

[car home Industry] has quietly left in 2023. Looking at the automobile market in 2023, it can be said that the word "volume" has been highlighted. From volume technology and price to volume going out to sea and volume cooperation, China automobile industry represented by new energy intelligent networked vehicles has entered a new development stage, and fierce competition is expected to continue to spread in 2024.

In mid-November, the relevant national ministries and commissions issued the Notice on Launching the Pilot Work of Intelligent Networked Vehicle Access and Road Access, formally proposing the L3/L4 automatic driving access norms and specific rules. The three cities of Beijing, Shanghai and Chongqing started the test, and many automobile enterprises obtained the test licenses, marking the official opening of a new stage of the intelligent process of automobiles. At the CES 2024 American Electronics Show held in Las Vegas, USA in early January, many car companies broke into the AI ? ? track and showed the latest technological breakthroughs. What kind of sparks will the auto industry collide with the hottest AI technology? Let’s wait and see.

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Data description:

1. Intelligent electric vehicle: a vehicle with pure electric energy, plug-in hybrid power (including extended range) and intelligent driving level above L2;
2. Class L2: A vehicle equipped with an adaptive cruise system and a lane keeping assist system as standard is considered to have a level L2 intelligent driving level;
3. Weighted selling price of cars: based on the quotations of dealers all over the country, the weighted selling price of cars in the current month is calculated by weighting the proportion of car clues. The terminal quotation of the models on sale under the car series and the proportion of the models concerned by consumers will affect the monthly fluctuation of the weighted selling price of the final car series;
4. Source of data: Hot information comes from Sina Technology; Attention, clue number data, vehicle model data, new energy industry index data, etc. come from car home; Car sales come from market terminal sales data.

Download the full report and pay attention to WeChat official account of car home Research Institute. Just enter the keyword "Intelligent Electric Vehicle".

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I. Market Sales Performance

■ Sales of new energy vehicles and smart cars reached the highest level in the whole year.

In December, the retail sales volume of the new energy vehicle market was 945,000 vehicles, up 47.3% year-on-year and 12.1% quarter-on-quarter. The new energy penetration rate exceeded 40% for two consecutive months, reaching 40.2%. In the last month of 2023, the domestic auto market was soaring, and many auto companies handed over the monthly sales results with obvious growth rate through price reduction measures. Looking at the annual sales results, only four car companies, Ideality, Geely, Lantu and BYD, have achieved their sales targets. Some of the car companies that have not achieved their targets are coming out of the trough, while others are weak. The 2023 report card has become a thing of the past, and the competition in the new year has just begun.

In December, Tesla introduced a subsidy policy of disguised price reduction. With the cyclical recovery of domestic delivery, Tesla Model Y and Model 3 delivered a total of 75,800 vehicles, and the sales of the two models ranked first and 13th in the new energy sales list. BYD has a total of six cars among the top ten in the new energy sales list, namely Seagull, Yuan PLUS, Song PLUS new energy plug-in version, Qin PLUS plug-in version, Song Pro new energy plug-in version and Dolphin. In addition, Wuling Binguo and Hongguang MINIEV are among the top ten in the sales list, ranking seventh and tenth respectively. It is worth noting that after climbing the production capacity, M7 delivered a total of 25,545 new cars.

In December, Top 5 smart car brands were BYD, Tesla, LI, AITO and Volkswagen. Among them, AITO asked the public to surpass the public and ranked fourth in the smart car sales brand list. Among them, BYD’s market share declined, accounting for 21.0% of the total sales of smart electric vehicles, down from the previous month. BYD’s sales volume exceeded 300,000 in December, but the proportion of smart cars declined.

Looking at the sales rankings of various cars of smart electric vehicles, Model Y still ranks first, while Model 3 falls to fifth place. The world M7 and the ideal L7 rank second and third respectively, forming the most direct competitive encounter. In the face of M7′ s offensive, Ideal L7 also responded, and recently introduced some preferential policies. In addition, Ideal L8 and L9 also rank sixth and seventh in the smart car sales list. BYD’s smart car with the highest sales volume is the Song Pro new energy plug-in version, and Yuan PLUS and Han are also among the top ten smart car sales rankings. In terms of brand types, Wenjie M7, Volkswagen ID.3 and Model Y ranked first in China brand list, overseas mainstream brand list and overseas luxury brand list respectively.

■ The proportion of smart plug-in hybrid cars has increased, while the proportion of car sales has decreased.

In December, the sales volume of smart electric vehicles increased by 14.4% month-on-month to 499,000 units, the highest since statistics. In terms of energy types, the sales volume of pure electric vehicles declined, accounting for 52.2%. Except for Tesla’s two pure electric vehicles, the sales volume of BYD’s Song PLUS new energy and Yuan PLUS smart pure electric models decreased. The proportion of mixed sales has rebounded to 28.4%, which is represented by the sales growth of BYD Song Pro New Energy and Hanhe Tang New Energy.

In terms of models, the sales of smart electric vehicles of all models increased in December. Among them, the sales volume of smart car models decreased by 2.9 percentage points to 25.1%, which was mainly due to the limited growth of several smart car models such as Model 3, Volkswagen ID.3 and BYD Han. In contrast, the smart SUV models represented by Model Y, Wenjie M7, Ideal L7 and Song Pro all increased by more than 20%. Among MPV models, the newly listed Chuanqi E8 and Polar Fox Koala both had excellent sales growth in December, ranking second and third in the sales list of smart MPV after Tengshi D9.

Second, the heat of automobile consumption

■ The proportion of new energy concerns has rebounded, and the proportion of smart cars has reached a new high

According to car home Big Data, the proportion of attention to new energy sources rebounded significantly in December, rising by 3.0 percentage points from the previous month to 57.3%, which was the highest level of attention since statistics, and increased by 14.9 percentage points compared with 42.4% in December last year. The number of people who pay attention to smart electric vehicles has also increased, and the proportion of attention has increased by 1.0 percentage points from the previous month to 66.2%, which is also the highest level in history, up by 8.3% compared with 57.9% in December last year. The two data basically maintained a growth trend throughout the year, and also accumulated kinetic energy for the new energy and smart electric vehicle market in 2024.

■ New energy vehicles: The attention of China’s new power brands has increased year-on-year

In the overall new energy market, the proportion of Tesla’s attention to heat decreased significantly year-on-year, and the chain was the same as that in November, which was 4.0%. The brand attention of China New Power increased by 4.8 and 1.6 percentage points year-on-year to 19.3% respectively. After a year of competition and a major reshuffle, the new power brands have once again proved their competitiveness and their market position has been continuously consolidated.

In terms of specific brands, among overseas mainstream brands, Buick’s popularity of E5 listed in October declined, and Honda surpassed it, falling to the fourth place in the list of overseas mainstream brands, while Ford was ranked fifth because of the new Ford electric car’s immediate launch. Among the new power brands in China, Wen Jie launched M9 in December after the new M7, which received great attention, and the popularity of attention surpassed LI in one fell swoop, ranking first in the new power brand list. The top five overseas luxury brands and traditional brands in China have not changed.

■ Smart cars: Tesla’s attention to heat decreased year-on-year, and China’s new power brands’ attention increased year-on-year.

In the smart electric vehicle market, after a year of industry evolution, the attention of overseas brands has declined to varying degrees, and the market attention share has given way to new forces and traditional brand car companies in China. The brand of China New Power, which is in a good development momentum, not only increased the proportion of attention heat by 6.5 percentage points year-on-year, but also maintained growth for several months, accounting for more than a quarter of the market attention heat. Among them, the most vigorous growth momentum is represented by asking for boundary M9, ideal L7, intellectual boundary S7, zero run C11, etc. In the second half of the competition between new forces and automobile enterprises, we can see more figures from traditional automobile enterprises, such as Wen Jie, Zhi Jie, Aouita, etc. The market structure of new forces has changed.

In terms of specific brands, among overseas luxury brands, Lexus launched the new Lexus RZ, which gained a certain degree of attention and ranked fifth in the list. Among the new power brands, Zero Run and Aouita both have newly listed new models, and their attention ranks fourth and fifth on the list. Among the traditional brands in China, Lantu ranked fourth in the list of traditional brands in China with the launch of Lantu Dreamer and the new model of chasing light in December. It is worth noting that Lantu, which has always been relatively low-key, has gradually been recognized by consumers. In December, it delivered more than 10,000 vehicles and became one of the only four brands to achieve the annual sales target.

■ The heat of medium-sized and large-sized SUVs increased with the same period of last month, while that of compact SUVs decreased with the same period of last month.

In terms of vehicle types, in the overall new energy market, the most intense competition is SUV track, and the attention heat of medium-sized and large-sized SUVs has increased compared with the previous month, and the attention heat of medium-sized SUVs has reached 17.3%, among which, Model Y, Zero Run C11, Equation Leopard 5, and the newly listed BYD Song L are the representatives. The attention of compact SUVs decreased by 2.6 and 1.4 percentage points year-on-year to 13.7%.

Looking at the smart electric vehicle market, in the past year, the attention of all types of cars has declined, and the attention of SUVs has gradually moved to a higher level. The attention of small and compact vehicles has decreased year-on-year, and the attention of SUVs above the medium level has increased significantly year-on-year. The large SUV increased by 4.1 and 2.7 percentage points to 7.4% respectively from the same period of last month, and it has a certain market position. The representatives who entered this level of market, such as Wenjie M9, BYD Wangwang U8 and Ideal L9, ranked in the top three, showing the industry confidence of China new energy brand cars.

■AITO asks the world to surpass the ideal and approach Tesla’s attention.

Looking at the heat distribution of the new power brand market, the proportion of TOP5 brand attention increased slightly to 67.6%. Thanks to the joint efforts of M7 and M9, AITO’s attention exceeds the ideal in one fell swoop, with a gap of only 1 percentage point from Tesla. Zero-run cars also pushed Tucki out of the top five by virtue of the popularity of new models.

Among the top ten popular car series, the car series M7 and M9 ranked second and third after Model Y, and the car series S7 of Zhijie also showed sufficient competitiveness. After entering the eighth place in the top ten popular car series last month, it rushed to the fifth place this month. Huawei’s technological blessing has become a strong force in the field of smart cars. The independence of Huawei Car BU and the introduction of cooperation between car companies will also become a far-reaching event in the smart car industry in 2024.

Third, intelligent product analysis

■ In December, 100 new energy vehicles were launched, and smart new vehicles accounted for 79%.

In December, 100 new cars were launched by New Energy, down 25.9% from the previous month and up 194.1% year-on-year. The intelligent allocation rate of new cars listed in December reached the highest in the whole year, with 79 smart new cars listed, accounting for 79%. Among the models with L2-level intelligent driving ability as standard in the new car, the lowest price is the 2023 125 Pro of Changan Qiyuan Q05, and the guide price is 139,900 yuan; The highest price comes from the 2024 basic model of Weilai ET9, and the guide price is 800,000 yuan.

■ In December, the overall level of intelligent configuration of new cars was the highest in the whole year.

The level of intelligent configuration of new cars listed in December was 79%, and the overall level of intelligent configuration was the highest in the whole year. In the market, the "extremely cost-effective" self-driving scheme has been launched one after another. The configuration rates of Internet of Vehicles and OTA upgrades both exceed 94%; The configuration rates of active braking, adaptive cruise and lane keeping assistance systems are all around 80%; The allocation rate of automatic parking has also reached 48%, which is close to 50%. In terms of the size configuration of the central control screen in the car, the configuration ratio of the central control screen above 15 inches reached 54.0%. When L2-level intelligent driving gradually became the standard, L3-level self-driving entered the testing stage, and the smart car industry also started a new round of iterative upgrade from the beginning of 2024.

■ New cars listed above the price of 200,000 basically realize L2 self-driving configuration.

The following figure analyzes the distribution of new cars and smart new energy vehicles in each price range. Among the new energy vehicles listed in December, no model below 100,000 yuan has reached the standard of smart cars. The intelligent configuration rate of new cars with the price of 100,000-200,000 is 53.6%, and the intelligent models of new cars with the price of 200,000-300,000 are the most, with 28 models. Only one model has not achieved L2 self-driving configuration. The average guide price of smart new cars listed is 327,500 yuan, and the median is 289,900 yuan.

Fourth, the market price trend

■ The number of clues of Hechuang A06 high-priced models has increased, and the weighted quotation has increased; Lantu chases light, new models go on the market, and prices are lowered.

In December, in order to offset the annual sales, car companies made price adjustments, and the overall price reduction level exceeded the price increase. The top five cars in the weighted price increase of new energy car market are Hechuang A06, BMW i3, Fista Pure Electric, Extreme Krypton 007 and Zhijie S7. Among them, Hechuang A06 is due to the increase in the number of clues of high-priced models, which has brought about an increase in the weighted selling price. BMW i3 is also due to the increase in the number of clues of high-priced models. However, according to car home Big Data, we can see that the dealer’s quotation of high-priced models has decreased, which brings a higher number of clues and indirectly raises the weighted selling price of the car series.

The top five cars with the decrease of weighted selling price are: Lantu Zhuiguang, Qin PLUS, Roewe D7, BYD Seal and Xingyue ES. The decline in the weighted selling price of Lantu Chasing Light is mainly due to the price reduction of new models. The decline in the weighted selling price of Qin PLUS is related to BYD’s preferential policy of offering a limited time discount of 10,000 yuan for low-priced models in December.

■ The new BMW iX3 model goes on the market, and the weighted selling price fluctuates; AION LX recently implemented a price reduction strategy, and the weighted selling price dropped.

Among SUVs, the top five cars with weighted price increases are BMW iX3, GAC Toyota bZ4X, Ford Electric Horse, Ruilan 9 and Mercedes-Benz EQB. Among them, the increase in the weighted selling price of BMW iX3 is due to the fluctuation of the weighted selling price brought by the listing of new models. GAC Toyota bZ4X is due to the increase in dealer quotations. The increase in the weighted selling price of Ford electric horse is due to the listing of new high-priced models.

The top five cars whose weighted selling prices have dropped are: AION LX, BMW XM, Extreme Yue 01, Song L and Polestar 4. Among them, AION LX is the decline of weighted quotation due to the preferential price reduction strategy of dealers. BMW XM, on the other hand, has brought down the weighted selling price due to the increase of clues of low-priced models.

V. Summary

In December, when car companies rushed to pursue the goal of the year, the sales volume reached the highest in the whole year, and the penetration rate of new energy passenger cars also stood firm at 40%. Although only four car companies completed the sales target in 2023, many car companies also handed in a unsatisfactory answer sheet. In 2023, there were many major events in the automobile industry, but the whole event revolved around the word "volume". Although 2023 has passed, the war of competition in the automobile market has not subsided. With the continuous improvement of the intelligent configuration ratio of new cars, the landing of L3-level self-driving test and the landing and promotion of new battery technology, a new round of technical cycle of intelligent electric vehicles has been started, and how technology, application, policy and market will promote each other in the future is worthy of our common concern. (Text/car home Research Institute)